Enhancing Adsorption Efficiency of Cd Heavy Metal Ions using Aceh's Natural Bentonite: A Design Expert 13 Optimization Study

Wastewater containing heavy metal ions presents a formidable challenge to environmental sustainability because metals are nonbiodegradable and toxic. Cadmium has been identified by scientific consensus as one of the most perilous deleterious chemicals. These have significant effect on many illnesses in living organisms, including humans. Therefore, an effective absorption technique is required mitigate issues caused this waste. Adsorption frequently used remediate waste improve processing process its versatility suitability technology. The principal aim investigation was augment adsorptive potency cadmium (Cd) optimizing utilization natural Aceh bentonite. optimization utilizes Design Expert 13, specifically Box Behnken with Response Surface Methodology. results revealed significance bentonite mass (1-2 g), stirring time (30-200 minutes), initial Cd adsorbate concentration (100-500 mg/l) (II) ions. Optimal conditions for ion adsorption were achieved agitation 2 mass, 126.8 minutes time, 500 mg/l. Under these conditions, 220.5 mg/l, desirability outcome 0.84.